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Loss of citizenship, also referred to as loss of nationality, is the event of ceasing to be a citizen of a country under the nationality law of that country. It is a blanket term covering both involuntary loss of citizenship such as through denaturalization, as well as voluntary renunciation of citizenship. ==Grounds== There are generally two categories of grounds for loss of citizenship. "Involuntary loss" may occur either due to automatic lapse of citizenship from the citizen for failure to take some action to retain citizenship, or due to active withdrawal of citizenship by the country. "Voluntary loss", often called "relinquishment" or "renunciation", is in contrast initiated by the citizen.〔 It is not always easy to make a clean distinction between the two categories: loss of citizenship due to an initial cause undertaken voluntarily (for example, voluntarily serving in a foreign military or voluntarily naturalising as a citizen of a foreign country) could be seen either as "voluntary loss" or "involuntary loss". The European Union Democracy Observatory, in a study of the nationality laws of thirty-three European countries, found nine broadly-defined cases in which a citizen of a country may lose his or her citizenship: #Voluntary acquisition of another citizenship #Residing abroad on a permanent basis #Fraud in the naturalisation process, including sham marriages, or failure to give up the other citizenship in countries which require that as a condition of naturalisation #Serving in a foreign military or foreign government #Upon adoption by a foreign citizen, or other change in the child's legal relation to the parents such as annulment of maternity/paternity #For a minor, upon the loss of citizenship by the parents #Failure to fulfill conditions, for example in Japan, where Japanese children born with an additional citizenship lose Japanese citizenship if they fail to give up the other citizenship before the age of 22 #Voluntary renunciation Involuntary loss of citizenship does not necessarily mean automatic and immediate loss. Even if a country's laws state that under certain circumstances citizenship is automatically removed, until officials of the government or embassy are informed, that country's government will probably still retain that person's name in its citizenship records. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「loss of citizenship」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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